Otolaryngology

Sore throat is a symptom of many diseases, which in parallel may be accompanied by other clinical manifestations. Often it occurs in conjunction with cough, discomfort, partial or complete loss of voice (dysphonia and aphonia). Although sometimes the tickle can appear in a perfectly healthy person.

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Meniere's disease is a pathological lesion of the cavity of the inner ear, having a non-inflammatory genesis. It is manifested by a number of symptoms - tinnitus, dizziness, hearing loss, which can turn into complete deafness. Parallel to this, there is staggering gait and incoordination. Such symptoms are due to the accumulation of large amounts of fluid in the maze with increasing pressure inside it.

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Herpes sore throat occurs as a result of an enterovirus infection. Angina, viral genesis - tonsillitis, will be called herpetic, although it has nothing to do with the herpes virus. It got its name due to the similarity of rashes with herpetic mucous lesions and a generalized definition of pain symptoms in case of a sore throat.

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The front is an inflammatory disease of the mucous membrane of the frontal sinus, which is part of the anterior base of the skull and is located next to very important anatomical structures - the orbit and the anterior cranial fossa. As clinical practice shows, such a proximity can lead to serious complications of frontal sinusitis.

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Sinusitis is an inflammation that affects one or more paranasal sinuses. It can develop as an independent disease, and as a complication on the background of various infectious diseases. Acute sinusitis refers to one of the most common pathologies that the ENT doctor encounters in his work.

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Adenoids are found mainly in children from 3 to 12 years old and bring a lot of discomfort and hassle to both the children and their parents, therefore they require urgent treatment. Often the course of the disease is complicated, after which there is adenoiditis - inflammation of the adenoids. Adenoids in children can occur in early preschool age and persist for several years.

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The feeling of a buried ear is quite unpleasant for any person. It seems that it is neither painful nor fatal, but the feeling that something is stuck inside and not coming out is terribly disturbing and annoying. And if you do not know how to get rid of it, then you can suffer from this trouble for quite some time. As they say, the one who is warned is armed.

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Paratonsillary abscess is a collection of pus in the tissues of the throat, next to one of the tonsils. The development of this disease occurs as a result of the penetration of infectious pathogens (streptococci, staphylococci and others) into the amygdala. Often, peritonsillar abscess occurs as one of the complications of chronic tonsillitis or tonsillitis.

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Microorganisms that cause sore throat are very diverse. Here and bacteria, and fungi, and viruses, and in each case should be prescribed a separate most appropriate medicine. Antibiotics are used for the bacterial nature of the disease, and antifungal agents for fungal infections. In some forms of viral angina, antiviral agents (acyclovir) are prescribed, as well as immunomodulators and inducers of interferon synthesis.

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Sinusitis - an inflammatory process localized to the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinuses. It can be unilateral and bilateral, occur in acute and chronic form. This pathology can develop in patients of any age; any other diseases of closely located ENT organs and infections can be the causes of the appearance of the inflammatory process in the maxillary sinus.

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Angina is an infectious disease that is usually accompanied by inflammation of the tonsils. The causative agents of this disease are considered staphylococci or streptococci. Since a sore throat is a contagious disease, it is not difficult to catch it when it comes into contact with an unhealthy person. Does a sore throat happen without fever?

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Adenoids are the tonsils located in the nasopharynx and are the first barrier to infections and bacteria. Inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsil - adenoiditis - affects regularly ill children 3–7 years old and those who have suffered from such diseases as measles and scarlet fever. When it reaches 10-12 years old, when the immune system is almost completely formed, the pharyngeal tonsil decreases and disappears.

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In the human body, the nose performs an extremely important function: it warms, cleans and moisturizes the air entering the lungs, protecting them from hypothermia and the penetration of various kinds of infections. The air that has passed through the nasal cavity is saturated with nitrogen oxide, which, in turn, saturates the blood with oxygen.

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Few people know, but it is the nose that takes care of the entire body. First of all, oxygen enters through the nose, without which it is simply impossible to survive. The nose in every possible way protects the inhaled air and prevents overcooling of other organs. The nose protects the lungs from dust and other harmful impurities, including from pathogens.

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Sinusitis - a disease in which the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus is inflamed. It is accompanied by difficulty breathing through the nasal passages due to mucus and pus that accumulate there. The disease can occur as a consequence of untreated rhinitis, due to inflammation in the teeth or infections.

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Herpetic tonsillitis or herpes tonsillitis (vesicular, aphthous pharyngitis) is a type of sore throat, which is an acute infectious disease that is quite common among the young population. Herpes sore throat is caused by the penetration of a Coxsackie Group A virus, a serovar 2-6, 8, 10 virus into the body of a child or an adult, less often an ESNO virus, and Coxackie B group viruses.

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Pathology such as chronic rhinitis is quite common. In this form of rhinitis, chronically flowing inflammation is observed in the area of ​​the nasal mucosa, and the forms of the disease may be different. The chronic form of catarrhal rhinitis can be a continuation of poor-quality treatment of acute rhinitis or be a consequence of the introduction of microbes deep into the mucous membrane, which causes hard destructive changes in the shell, as well as weakening the immune protective function of the body.

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Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory process of the nasal mucosa, which occurs as a result of the effects of various allergic stimuli, and in this case allergens. Simply put, allergic rhinitis is a runny nose caused by an allergic reaction. Under the influence of allergens in the nasal mucosa begins inflammation, which leads to illness.

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Rhinitis or runny nose is called the inflammatory process of the nasal cavity. Often, rhinitis is only a symptom of the disease. For example, a runny nose may appear during a viral infection and with a bacterial infection, and even be the result of mechanical irritation. In addition, rhinitis is divided into acute and chronic.

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Vasomotor rhinitis - a violation of breathing through the nose due to a narrowing of the nasal cavity, due to a violation of vascular tone in the mucous membrane. Allergic and neurovegetative form of vasomotor rhinitis is distinguished. In this disease, the function of the vessels of the nasopharynx is impaired, and they, instead of absorbing mucus, emit an excess amount.

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